Gluten and Autoimmune Conditions
Gluten and Autoimmune Diseases: The Connection?
It starts in the gut.
Gluten is a mixture of proteins found in the seeds of certain grains. One component of gluten is the protein fragment gliadin. Gliadin leads to an increased release of zonulin, which binds to the intestinal wall and opens tight junctions, resulting in increased intestinal permeability. This allows more foreign substances from the digestive system—such as partially digested food proteins, gut bacteria, bacterial fragments, and toxins—to enter the body where they don’t belong. This triggers the activation of immune cells, which further damage the intestinal wall. This can lead to autoimmune reactions, promote disease development, and trigger intolerances.
In people with celiac disease, this leads to a strong immune reaction in the small intestine. But even people with other autoimmune diseases can be sensitive to gluten, even if they haven’t been diagnosed with celiac disease.
So, gluten can:
Increase intestinal permeability ("leaky gut"), allowing harmful substances to enter the bloodstream and causing the immune system to overreact.
Promote inflammation, which can intensify existing autoimmune processes.
Stimulate the immune system, potentially leading to an increase in symptoms.
How can a gluten-free diet help?
Leaky gut has been identified as one of the triggering factors (in addition to genetics and environmental/lifestyle factors) of autoimmune conditions.
While there are many reasons for a leaky gut, gluten does play a big role, so it’s a good starting point when exploring an elimination diet to reduce inflammation.
When I received my diagnosis, switching to a gluten-free diet was the first change I made on my health journey. I noticed improvements very quickly. I have now been eating gluten free for the past 13 years. It has become part of my lifestyle. Thankfully, there are nowadays a lot more gluten free alternatives to cook and bake with. Be mindful of overly processed gluten free foods though, as those can promote inflammation as well.
Many people with autoimmune diseases report symptom relief when they eliminate gluten. This can result in the following positive effects:
Reduced inflammation – Less inflammation in the body means less pain, swelling, and fatigue.
Improved gut health – A healthy gut is essential for a strong immune system.
More energy – Many people feel more awake and less exhausted.
Better nutrient absorption – An inflammation-free gut lining can absorb vitamins and minerals more effectively.
Conclusion
A gluten-free diet can support those with autoimmune diseases by improving gut health, reducing inflammation, and easing the burden on the immune system. It might be worth trying a gluten-free diet and observing how your symptoms respond.
If you need guidance on this journey, don’t hesitate to contact me.